Como escolher um fabricante de DPS CC para sistemas fotovoltaicos: Lista de verificação de fornecedores

Resposta rápida: A reliable PV DC surge protective device (SPD) supplier should be able to show a traceable datasheet, applicable test evidence, an installation diagram and a repeatable quality-control process for the exact model you plan to buy. Start with the electrical requirements of your project, then compare suppliers against the same checklist.

First define the PV application

Record the PV array’s maximum corrected open-circuit voltage, earthing arrangement, inverter input rating, lightning exposure, installation location and required SPD class. The DC side of a PV system is not interchangeable with an AC distribution circuit. IEC 61643-31:2018 sets requirements and tests for SPDs connected to the DC side of PV installations up to 1,500 V DC. IEC 61643-32:2017 addresses selection and application principles for PV SPDs. Check the editions and local adoption relevant to your market.

IEC 61643-31 does not cover every DC application. Its published scope excludes PV systems with energy storage such as batteries. For an energy-storage or other DC system, ask which standard and test evidence apply to that specific circuit rather than assuming a PV SPD certificate covers it.

What to request from each DC SPD manufacturer

Do not treat a certificate image or a claim of “IEC compliant” as sufficient on its own. Match the certificate and report to the precise model, ratings and factory. Ask for clarification when the document identifies a different order code or an older construction.

Check the ratings in the right order

1. Ucpv: verify maximum continuous operating voltage against the highest corrected PV array voltage under the site’s lowest expected temperature.
2. Type and impulse duty: determine whether Type 1, Type 2 or a combined product is required by the lightning risk assessment and installation design.
3. In, Imax and Iimp: compare values only when the test waveform and class are stated. A large kA figure alone does not identify the correct product.
4. Para cima: coordinate the voltage protection level with the inverter or other protected equipment’s withstand capability, allowing for installed connection length.
5. Iscpv and disconnection: confirm the declared PV short-circuit capability, internal disconnector and any required external backup protection.
6. Connection and environment: verify pole arrangement, protective earthing, enclosure, temperature and service access for the actual site.

For system-level placement, compare the supplier’s proposed arrangement with PV inverter protection on both the DC and AC sides. A DC-side PV SPD does not replace overcurrent protection, an isolator or an AC-side SPD.

How to qualify the factory without relying on marketing claims

1. Screen the documents

Send the same requirement sheet to each candidate. Ask for the exact model datasheet, current installation instructions and test evidence. Reject unexplained gaps between the quotation, label, datasheet and certificate. A supplier that identifies a mismatch and proposes a documented alternative is more useful than one that agrees to every requested rating.

2. Review quality controls

Ask how incoming components, assembly changes and final inspection are recorded. If an audit is possible, sample one finished lot and trace it through inspection records and bill-of-material revisions. The appropriate test equipment and acceptance criteria depend on the product design; there is no universal generator size, component purity percentage or response-time threshold that proves all DC SPDs are good.

3. Validate a sample against the paperwork

Check the delivered label and terminals against the approved drawing. Have qualified personnel review the wiring instructions, status indicator, cartridge arrangement and specified backup device. Use an independent laboratory when a project or market requires third-party verification. Keep the approved sample and document revision as the baseline for later shipments.

4. Agree on change control

Define how the supplier will notify you of component, circuit, enclosure or labeling changes. Request batch identification and a practical process for investigating field failures. These controls matter more than unsupported promises about zero failures or an arbitrary number of years in business.

Questions to send with your RFQ

• Which exact model and standard edition does the test evidence cover?
• What are Ucpv, In, Imax, Up and Iscpv for that order code?
• If Type 1 is proposed, what is the declared Iimp and waveform?
• What fuse or circuit breaker is required, if any, and under what fault-current conditions?
• Which connection diagram applies to our PV earthing arrangement?
• How are product revisions and production lots identified?
• Which documents and technical support are available after shipment?

Compare a real product, then verify the documents

Kuangya's DC SPD range provides a starting point for comparing PV voltage and device classes. For a quotation, send your project requirements and request the current datasheet, wiring diagram and evidence for the exact proposed model. Apply the same checks to Kuangya and every competing supplier.

Standards referenced: IEC 61643-31:2018 e IEC 61643-32:2017.