DC Surge Protective Device (DC SPD)

Solar DC SPD and PV DC SPD solutions for photovoltaic, wind power, and energy storage. Protect your system with reliable surge protection — Type 2, and Type 1+2 options, from 600V to 2000V.
  • Our DC SPDs are designed for PV arrays, wind turbine nacelles, ESS cabinets, and Etc.
  • Certified to IEC 61643-31, Kuangya DC SPDs ensure safe, durable, and efficient surge protection.
  • Available in customized DC SPD kits (T1+T2) to meet diverse project requirements.
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Choose the Right DC SPD

SPD Installation Topologies

DC SPD placement varies with voltage, distance, and lightning risk. These cards illustrate how to apply solar DC SPD and PV DC SPD for safe, reliable protection.

Type 1+2 at Inverter Input

  • Voltage: 1000V / 1500V
  • Best for: Utility-scale PV, wind turbine converters
  • Handles direct lightning + switching surges
  • Use T1+T2 SPD kit for full protection

Type 2 in Array Box

  • Voltage: 600V / 1000V
  • Best for: Rooftops, ESS cabinets
  • Protects against induced surges on DC strings
  • Combine with DC fuse for best reliability

Remote SPD Near Module

  • Voltage: 600V / 1000V
  • Best for: Lightning-prone rooftops
  • Short lead length improves response time
  • Optional redundancy with dual SPDs

ESS & EV Cabinets

  • Voltage: 1000V / 1500V / 2000V
  • Best for: Battery energy storage, EV charging
  • Continuous protection against switching surges
  • Supports high-current DC busbars

Grounding & Polarity

  • Strings: Any voltage level
  • Correct +/- polarity & common PE bar
  • Critical bonding for SPD performance
  • Follow IEC practices for wiring length

Service & Maintenance

  • Replaceable module design with status indicator
  • Thermal disconnector integrity checks
  • Inspection cycle: every 1–2 years
  • Record surge events where applicable

Following these DC SPD wiring topologies ensures reliable surge protection for PV, wind, and ESS projects.

What is a DC SPD?

A DC Surge Protective Device (DC SPD) limits transient overvoltages caused by lightning or switching, protecting PV arrays, inverters, wind turbine converters, ESS cabinets and DC panels. Select the proper class (Type 1 / Type 2 / Type 1+2) and voltage (600–2000 V DC).

Why It Matters

  • Prevents insulation breakdown and inverter faults from lightning-induced surges.
  • Improves uptime for PV combiner boxes, inverters and ESS systems.
  • Complements overcurrent devices like the DC fuse (gPV).

What’s Inside

  • MOV-based modules for Type 2 energy absorption.
  • Spark-gap or combined stages for Type 1 / Type 1+2 high-energy discharge.
  • Thermal disconnector + status indicator; replaceable cartridge design.

Where It’s Used

  • PV strings, array boxes and inverter DC inputs (solar DC SPD / PV DC SPD).
  • Wind turbine nacelle, converter cabinets and tower base panels.
  • Energy storage (ESS) and EV charging DC busbars (up to 2000 V DC).

Install & Service

  • DIN-rail mounting; keep leads short and symmetrical to PE.
  • Coordinate with a DC switch disconnector for isolation.
  • Plan inspections every 1–2 years; replace modules when indicator shows end-of-life.

Compatibility & Selection

  • Voltage classes: 600 / 1000 / 1500 / 2000 V DC.
  • Classes: Type 1 (direct lightning), Type 2 (induced/switching), Type 1+2 (combined).
  • Use correct polarity (+/–) and common PE bar; see wiring / connection diagrams below.

Standards & References

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Technical Specs Overview

Quick comparison of Kuangya DC SPD product line by type, voltage class, surge rating and installation.

ModelTypeVoltage ClassNominal Discharge (In)Max Discharge (Imax)StandardsMounting
KY-15T/G1000Type 1+21000 V DC15 kA40 kAIEC 61643-31DIN Rail, replaceable module
KY-15T/G1500Type 1+21500 V DC15 kA40 kAIEC 61643-31DIN Rail, replaceable module
KY-40/G600Type 2600 V DC20 kA40 kA IEC 61643-31 / UL 1449DIN Rail, replaceable module
KY-40/G1000Type 21000 V DC20 kA40 kA IEC 61643-31 / UL 1449DIN Rail, replaceable module
KY-40/G1500Type 21500 V DC20 kA40 kAIEC 61643-31DIN Rail, replaceable module
KY-40/G2000Type 22000 V DC20 kA40 kAIEC 61643-31DIN Rail, replaceable module

For detailed datasheets and wiring diagrams, visit each DC SPD product page.

Applications & Use Cases

Typical scenarios for solar DC SPD / PV DC SPD: Rooftop PV, C&I, Utility, Wind, ESS and EV charging.

Residential Rooftop

PV strings • Inverter input • Type 2

See Models

Commercial Rooftop

Array boxes • Long DC runs • Type 2

See Models

Utility Ground-Mount PV

Inverter input • 1000/1500V • Type 1+2

See Models

Wind Power

Nacelle & converter cabinets • Type 1+2

See Models

Energy Storage (ESS)

Battery cabinets • 1000–2000V • Type 2

See Models

EV Charging

DC busbars • Switchgear • Type 2

See Models

Application Guidance

Select the right DC SPD class and voltage by scenario. Match with wiring length and lightning risk for best performance.

Residential & Small Rooftop

  • Voltage: 600V / 1000V
  • Recommended: Type 2 DC SPD at inverter input
  • Keep leads short & bond to common PE
See Models

Commercial & Industrial PV

  • Voltage: 1000V
  • Array box & inverter: Type 2 DC SPD
  • Parallel MPPTs benefit from distributed SPDs
See Models

Utility PV & Wind Power

  • Voltage: 1000V / 1500V
  • Inverter input: Type 1+2 DC SPD
  • Coordinate Type 2 in array boxes for staged protection
See Models

ESS & EV Charging

  • Voltage: 1500V / 2000V
  • Cabinets & DC busbars: Type 2 DC SPD
  • Use symmetric, short leads; verify thermal disconnect
See Models
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Why Choose Kuangya for DC SPD

Factory-built quality, complete voltage range, and reliable protection aligned with IEC 61643-31.

Factory Direct

In-house R&D and manufacturing ensure consistent performance and fast response.

  • Stable supply & traceable QA
  • Engineering support for projects

Complete Range

600–2000V DC coverage with Type 1, Type 2 and Type 1+2 options for PV, wind and ESS.

  • KY-15T/G (T1+T2), KY-40/G (T2)
  • 1000V / 1500V utility-class ready

Reliable Build

Thermal disconnector and status indicator, replaceable modules for quick service.

  • Coordination with fuses and switches
  • Robust terminals & PE bonding

Fast Lead Time

Stocked configurations and agile production to meet project schedules.

  • Global shipping options
  • Stable replenishment cycle

OEM / ODM

Label, housing and rating customization to fit local codes and branding.

  • Custom kits (T1+T2) and voltages
  • Documentation & drawings support
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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between Type 1, Type 2, and Type 1+2 devices?

Type 1 surge arrestors handle lightning currents at service entrances; Type 2 protective devices absorb switching/induced surges inside PV/ESS systems; Type 1+2 combines both for inverter inputs or wind nacelles. These categories apply to Kuangya DC SPDs. See our overview at /dc-spd.

How do I choose the right voltage class (600 / 1000 / 1500 / 2000 V)? What about 500 / 660 / 690 V?

Select a photovoltaic surge protector rated for the highest DC bus (Voc × temperature factor). Rooftop arrays: 600–1000 V; utility PV: 1500 V; ESS/EV: up to 2000 V. Industrial DC buses often run at 500/660/690 V and typically use Type 2 modules.

How is a wiring diagram applied in solar arrays?

Place Type 2 modules in combiner boxes and Type 1+2 units at inverter inputs. Keep leads short, paired, and bonded to PE. For a dc spd wiring diagram example, see the guide at /dc-spd.

IEC 61643-31 vs UL 1449 — which should I follow?

IEC 61643-31 is common in EU/international PV and industrial DC projects; UL 1449 is widely used in North America. Cross-region deployments can specify units tested to both standards.

How to coordinate surge protection with fuses and switches?

Use gPV fuses within the device’s maximum upstream protection rating and add DC disconnectors or DC breakers for isolation. Ensure the fuse’s current rating meets short-circuit withstand requirements.

What is the recommended lead length and placement? Can I add units near the module?

Keep the total path as short as possible. Typical practice: Type 2 in the array box, Type 1+2 at the inverter. Near-module protectors are optional for long cable runs or lightning-prone regions; ensure service access and proper enclosure rating.

When should I replace a surge module?

Replace if the status window turns red, a thermal disconnect operates, or after a major surge event. Kuangya units use replaceable cartridges; after replacement, record the date and re-check torque/grounding.

Can these devices be used in ESS, EV charging, and wind turbines (nacelle, yaw, pitch, converter cabinets)?

Yes. ESS/EV DC busbars typically use 1000–2000 V Type 2 modules; wind turbine nacelle, yaw/pitch systems and converter cabinets often place Type 1+2 at the DC bus, coordinated with downstream Type 2.

What about IP rating, temperature and maintenance interval?

DIN-rail modules rely on the enclosure’s IP grade; outdoor installations require weatherproof housings. Follow datasheet temperature limits and inspect every 6–12 months: terminal torque, PE bonding, and status indicators.